Fabrication of nanocrystal forms of ᴅ-cycloserine and their application for transdermal and enteric drug delivery systems

• Hsuan-Ang Tsai,
• Tsai-Miao Shih,
• Theodore Tsai,
• Jhe-Wei Hu,
• Yi-An Lai,
• Jui-Fu Hsiao and
• Guochuan Emil Tsai

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 465–474, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.42

• showed good performance in the Franz diffusion test and rodent pharmacokinetic studies due to the nanoparticle size and faster dissolution as compared with the commercial DCS powder. These DCS nanocrystal formulations could offer a new approach for the development of an advanced drug delivery system for

• the treatment of CNS disorders. Keywords: ᴅ-cycloserine; drug delivery system; enteric capsules; N-methyl-ᴅ-aspartate; nanocrystals; NMDA receptor agonist; transdermal reservoir; Introduction Tuberculosis (TB) is a prevalent respiratory disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. According to the

• transdermal delivery of a DCS aqueous solution with hydrophobic formulations The transdermal formulation of DCS should demonstrate long-term penetration capability and stability in the Franz diffusion cell system. In the reservoir transdermal delivery system, compounds were mixed in a compartment and well

Vinorelbine-loaded multifunctional magnetic nanoparticles as anticancer drug delivery systems: synthesis, characterization, and in vitro release study

• Zeynep Özcan and
• Afife Binnaz Hazar Yoruç

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 256–269, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.24

• efficacy. The application of vinorelbine tartrate is limited because of its dose-related toxicity to the nervous, pulmonary, and gastrointestinal systems and reduced absorption when taken orally [33]. Encapsulation studies specifically aim to create a controlled drug delivery system to reduce existing side

• appropriate sizes exhibited controlled drug release capabilities. Thus, a controlled drug delivery system was established using VNB/PDA/Fe3O4 NPs, which exhibited high release at the tumor microenvironment pH 5.5 for potential application in cancer treatment. The impact of polymer thickness on drug release

• differences in drug release kinetics; our nanostructures exhibit a higher drug release percentage at pH 5.5 (84.57%) compared to pH 7.4 (57.71%). This underscores the pH-responsive behaviour of our drug delivery system, which could potentially enhance drug delivery to tumour sites while minimizing off-target

Nanocarrier systems loaded with IR780, iron oxide nanoparticles and chlorambucil for cancer theragnostics

• Phuong-Thao Dang-Luong,
• Hong-Phuc Nguyen,
• Loc Le-Tuan,
• Xuan-Thang Cao,
• Vy Tran-Anh and
• Hieu Vu Quang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 180–189, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.17

• delivery system. The delivery system is comprised of three components: the carrier, the imaging agent, and the therapeutic drug, all of which need clinical approval before being used in humans. Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) is an approved biodegradable and biocompatible material for clinical use [1

Development and characterization of potential larvicidal nanoemulsions against Aedes aegypti

• Jonatas L. Duarte,
• Leonardo Delello Di Filippo,
• Anna Eliza Maciel de Faria Mota Oliveira,
• Rafael Miguel Sábio,
• Gabriel Davi Marena,
• Tais Maria Bauab,
• Cristiane Duque,
• Vincent Corbel and
• Marlus Chorilli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 104–114, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.10

• ; drug delivery system; hydrophile–lipophile balance; monoterpenes; Introduction Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus, 1762) is a mosquito species that is cosmopolitan and well adapted to anthropized and peridomestic environments. It is an important vector of arboviruses, including dengue, chikungunya fever, zika

Berberine-loaded polylactic acid nanofiber scaffold as a drug delivery system: The relationship between chemical characteristics, drug-release behavior, and antibacterial efficiency

• Le Thi Le,
• Hue Thi Nguyen,
• Liem Thanh Nguyen,
• Huy Quang Tran and
• Thuy Thi Thu Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 71–82, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.7

Nanotechnological approaches in the treatment of schistosomiasis: an overview

• Lucas Carvalho,
• Michelle Sarcinelli and
• Beatriz Patrício

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 13–25, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.2

• identified works presented results in the clinical phase. Finally, based on our findings, the outlook appears favorable, as there is a significant diversity of new substances with schistosomicidal potential. However, financial efforts are required to advance these nanoformulations. Keywords: delivery system

Elasticity, an often-overseen parameter in the development of nanoscale drug delivery systems

• Agnes-Valencia Weiss and
• Marc Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1149–1156, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.95

• properties of nanoparticles, it nearly impossible to compare studies from different labs and pick a value to aim for during the development of a drug delivery system. This is due to the variety of possibilities to examine and express the mechanical properties of these systems (e.g., stiffness, elasticity

Curcumin-loaded albumin submicron particles with potential as a cancer therapy: an in vitro study

• Nittiya Suwannasom,
• Netsai Sriaksorn,
• Chutamas Thepmalee,
• Krissana Khoothiam,
• Ausanai Prapan,
• Hans Bäumler and
• Chonthida Thephinlap

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1127–1140, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.93

• effective delivery system, our second aim was to evaluate the cytotoxicity effect of CUR-HSA-MPs in vitro and determine cell uptake in MCF-7 cell line. Results and Discussion Preparation of CUR-loaded human serum albumin microparticles The preparation process of CUR-loaded human serum albumin microparticles

• effectively taken up by MCF-7 cells. The results indicate that the investigated carriers are a highly capable drug delivery system with potential chemotherapeutic applications. Experimental Materials CUR (98% purity, from Curcuma longa), albumin solution from human serum (100 g/L HSA in 0.14 M NaCl

Recognition mechanisms of hemoglobin particles by monocytes – CD163 may just be one

• Jonathan-Gabriel Nimz,
• Pichayut Rerkshanandana,
• Chiraphat Kloypan,
• Ulrich Kalus,
• Saranya Chaiwaree,
• Axel Pruß,
• Radostina Georgieva,
• Yu Xiong and
• Hans Bäumler

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1028–1040, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.85

• arise spontaneously from C3 by hydrolysis, could be considered here. Moghimi et al. report numerous possible interactions of the complement system with, among others, nanoparticles as a drug delivery system [44]. The authors also discussed the possible effects of spontaneously forming water shells and

Antibody-conjugated nanoparticles for target-specific drug delivery of chemotherapeutics

• Mamta Kumari,
• Amitabha Acharya and
• Praveen Thaggikuppe Krishnamurthy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 912–926, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.75

• improvement, further investigations are required. Moreover, extensive research is still required in the field of clinical safety of ACNPs to evolve a highly acceptable and beneficial delivery system for cancer theranosis. Future perspectives In cancer therapy, ACNPs have several advantages related to their

Nanotechnology – a robust tool for fighting the challenges of drug resistance in non-small cell lung cancer

• Filip Gorachinov,
• Fatima Mraiche,
• Diala Alhaj Moustafa,
• Ola Hishari,
• Yomna Ismail,
• Jensa Joseph,
• Maja Simonoska Crcarevska,
• Marija Glavas Dodov,
• Nikola Geskovski and
• Katerina Goracinova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 240–261, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.23

• barriers by the use of different groups of particles carrying various functional modalities. Tasciotti et al. proposed a multistage delivery system composed of stage-1 mesoporous silica particles with improved deposition in the vascular endothelium, optimized for crossing the endothelial barrier through

Cyclodextrins as eminent constituents in nanoarchitectonics for drug delivery systems

• Makoto Komiyama

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 218–232, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.21

• nanoarchitectures are highly promising for future applications in medicine, pharmaceutics, and other relevant fields. Keywords: cyclodextrin; drug delivery system (DDS); nanoarchitecture; phototherapy; siRNA; Review 1 Introduction Recently, drug delivery systems (DDSs) have been attracting much interest [1][2][3

Orally administered docetaxel-loaded chitosan-decorated cationic PLGA nanoparticles for intestinal tumors: formulation, comprehensive in vitro characterization, and release kinetics

• Sedat Ünal,
• Osman Doğan and
• Yeşim Aktaş

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1393–1407, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.115

• drug delivery system loaded with docetaxel (DCX) as an anticancer drug, using poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) as nanoparticle material, and modified with chitosan (CS) to gain mucoadhesive properties. In this context, an innovative nanoparticle formulation that can protect orally administered DCX

• kinetics studies of the nanoparticular drug delivery system were carried out. It can be a detailed source and inspiration for possible future research in this area. Results and Discussion In vitro characterization of DCX-PLGA NPs and CS/DCX-PLGA NPs Mean particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), and zeta

Microneedle-based ocular drug delivery systems – recent advances and challenges

• Piotr Gadziński,
• Anna Froelich,
• Monika Wojtyłko,
• Antoni Białek,
• Julia Krysztofiak and
• Tomasz Osmałek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1167–1184, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.98

• . Opanasopit; T. Ngawhirunpat; W. Rangsimawong, “Computer-aided rational design for optimally Gantrez® S-97 and hyaluronic acid-based dissolving microneedles as a potential ocular delivery system“, article no. 102319, Copyright (2021), with permission from Elsevier. This content is not subject to CC BY 4.0

Biomimetic chitosan with biocomposite nanomaterials for bone tissue repair and regeneration

• Se-Kwon Kim,
• Sesha Subramanian Murugan,
• Pandurang Appana Dalavi,
• Sebanti Gupta,
• Sukumaran Anil,
• Gi Hun Seong and
• Jayachandran Venkatesan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1051–1067, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.92

• delivery system in synthetic bone implants can stimulate bone regeneration while preventing bacterial infection. Furthermore, coating materials containing TiO2 can help drug stabilisation producing a long-term drug release profile [119]. The electrochemical anodization process was used by Lai et al. (2018

Gelatin nanoparticles with tunable mechanical properties: effect of crosslinking time and loading

• Agnes-Valencia Weiss,
• Daniel Schorr,
• Julia K. Metz,
• Metin Yildirim,
• Saeed Ahmad Khan and
• Marc Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 778–787, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.68

• elasticity of the particle as demonstrated for the incorporation of lysozyme. The high influence of loading on the mechanical properties demonstrates the need to determine the mechanical properties during the development of a nanoparticulate drug delivery system. For future application, the influence of

Stimuli-responsive polypeptide nanogels for trypsin inhibition

• Petr Šálek,
• Jana Dvořáková,
• Sviatoslav Hladysh,
• Diana Oleshchuk,
• Ewa Pavlova,
• Jan Kučka and
• Vladimír Proks

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 538–548, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.45

• studies using PLGA particles as delivery system for AAT [21][22]. However, the PLGA particles did not exhibit any undesired entrapment of AAT as the polypeptide nanogels did. In contrast, our polypeptide nanogels are more advantageous due to the fact that they have a more favorable size, are soft, and

• enzymatic activity of trypsin. The observed properties of this delivery system will be further studied to better understand the mechanism of inhibition action. This fully biocompatible nanogel system might be a potential candidate for the development of new systems inhibiting the inflammatory mediator

• trypsin and, possibly, for the treatment of pancreatitis. Further studies will serve for future optimization of the new nanogel systems. The optimum ratio between trypsin and AAT-loaded nanogels and the inhibition activity of the delivery system in the pH range from 7 and 7.2, which is also relevant for

Ciprofloxacin-loaded dissolving polymeric microneedles as a potential therapeutic for the treatment of S. aureus skin infections

• Sharif Abdelghany,
• Walhan Alshaer,
• Yazan Al Thaher,
• Maram Al Fawares,
• Amal G. Al-Bakri,
• Saja Zuriekat and
• Randa SH. Mansour

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 517–527, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.43

• results suggest that CIP_MN1 can be a potential delivery system for the treatment of S. aureus skin infections. Keywords: dissolving microneedles; microneedles; polyvinyl alcohol (PVA); polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP); skin infection; Introduction Topical and transdermal drug delivery is a major route for

• sizes have been utilized to overcome this limitation since they can painlessly penetrate the upper skin layers [2]. Patients can self-administer microneedles and, thus, overcome the pain associated with conventional parenteral injections. Moreover, this drug delivery system can potentially overcome the

• microneedles in reducing the microbial burden in bacterial and fungal skin infections [6][7]. Herein, we are aiming at providing a potential microneedle delivery system for the treatment of staphylococcal skin and soft tissue infections such as cellulitis. Cellulitis, as an example of common bacterial skin

Micro- and nanotechnology in biomedical engineering for cartilage tissue regeneration in osteoarthritis

• Zahra Nabizadeh,
• Mahmoud Nasrollahzadeh,
• Hamed Daemi,
• Mohamadreza Baghaban Eslaminejad,
• Ali Akbar Shabani,
• Mehdi Dadashpour,
• Majid Mirmohammadkhani and
• Davood Nasrabadi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 363–389, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.31

• differentiation [22]. Using this method, they observed enhanced chondrogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) aggregated in micromass culture systems including microspheres. The use of a microsphere delivery system for controlled release obviates the need for the intermittent addition of

Engineered titania nanomaterials in advanced clinical applications

• Padmavati Sahare,
• Paulina Govea Alvarez,
• Juan Manual Sanchez Yanez,
• Gabriel Luna-Bárcenas,
• Samik Chakraborty,
• Sujay Paul and
• Miriam Estevez

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 201–218, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.15

• -workers have developed a well-designed controllable drug delivery system by functionalizing 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) on TNTs and found that the drug loading capacity was improved by 30–36 wt % in comparison with unmodified TNTs. Intriguingly, the hydrophilic nature of APTES was favorable for

• might be used in orthopedics as drug-releasing implants and as an alternative delivery system of chemotherapeutic agents to brain tumors [105]. In this context, Jarosz et al. found that the hydrophilic nature of nanoporous TiO2 influences the loading and release profile of drug molecules [106]. Moreover

• , nanoporous TiO2 is able to load water-soluble and insoluble drugs and could be useful as an effective drug delivery system [107]. Previously, a drug delivery system based on TiO2 nps conjugated with doxorubicin (DOX) was found have an enhanced anti-cancerous effect on human hepatocarcinoma SMMC-7721 cells

Bacterial safety study of the production process of hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers

• Axel Steffen,
• Yu Xiong,
• Radostina Georgieva,
• Ulrich Kalus and
• Hans Bäumler

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 114–126, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.8

• modifications [5][6]. Thus, it was possible to immobilize vitamin B2 (riboflavin) in these particles together with human serum albumin (HSA). This resulted in a drug delivery system with good hemocompatibility and release of riboflavin over a prolonged period [7]. In addition, HSA microparticles could be loaded

Self-assembly of amino acids toward functional biomaterials

• Huan Ren,
• Lifang Wu,
• Lina Tan,
• Yanni Bao,
• Yuchen Ma,
• Yong Jin and
• Qianli Zou

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1140–1150, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.85

• interaction to construct a co-delivery system. Conclusion The self-assembly of biomolecules is based on the noncovalent interaction and the bottom-up combination of ordered 3D structures. Nanotechnology is the driving force of self-assembly, and it has made great contributions to the field of biology and

Use of nanosystems to improve the anticancer effects of curcumin

• Andrea M. Araya-Sibaja,
• Norma J. Salazar-López,
• Krissia Wilhelm Romero,
• José R. Vega-Baudrit,
• J. Abraham Domínguez-Avila,
• Carlos A. Velázquez Contreras,
• Ramón E. Robles-Zepeda,
• Mirtha Navarro-Hoyos and
• Gustavo A. González-Aguilar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1047–1062, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.78

• ]. In addition to the previous data, it should be stated that coadministration of CUR with another anticancer molecule may also serve to complement or potentiate its effects. The use of a single delivery system will also normalize any differences in the pharmacokinetics of co-encapsulated drugs that are

• coefficient. Another study reported a co-loaded CUR–lactoferrin NLC that was prepared as a potential delivery system to cancerous cells through both active and passive targeting [70]. For example, the lactoferrin vector was used for active targeting due to its ability to target tumor cells (mediated by

An overview of microneedle applications, materials, and fabrication methods

• Zahra Faraji Rad,
• Philip D. Prewett and
• Graham J. Davies

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1034–1046, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.77

• arrays over hypodermic needles. Developing the necessary microneedle fabrication processes has the potential to dramatically impact the health care delivery system by changing the landscape of fluid sampling and subcutaneous drug delivery. Microneedle designs which range from sub-micron to millimetre

Comprehensive review on ultrasound-responsive theranostic nanomaterials: mechanisms, structures and medical applications

• Sepand Tehrani Fateh,
• Lida Moradi,
• Elmira Kohan,
• Michael R. Hamblin and
• Amin Shiralizadeh Dezfuli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 808–862, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.64